University of Guilan Aquatic Animals Nutrition 2980-8499 2 2 2016 09 22 Effects of injection of DEHP on immunoglobulin M (IgM) and hematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Effects of injection of DEHP on immunoglobulin M (IgM) and hematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 1 9 1365 FA Sohrab Ahmadivand Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Soheil Eagderi Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Mazaher Zamani Gandomani Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2016 04 10 The effects of the plasticizer di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were evaluated on immunoglobulin M (IgM) and hematological parameters in male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for a 10-day experimental period. For this purpose, treatment fish were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg DEHP along with 500 µL carrier, i.e. olive oil and control one only with 500 µL carrier at 1 and 5 days of experiment after anesthetizing. Based on the results, no significant difference was found between DEHP and control groups regarding IgM levels (P>0.05). The results showed that erythrocyte count and white blood cells were significantly lower in fish exposed to DEHP compared to those of control fish (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in lymphocyte, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocyte, hematocrit, MCHC, MCH and MCV values between the DEHP treatment and control group (P>0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest adverse effects of DEHP on the immune system which may lead to an increase in disease susceptibility also verify that leukocyte counts can be considered as a novel biomarker of immunotoxicity. The effects of the plasticizer di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were evaluated on immunoglobulin M (IgM) and hematological parameters in male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for a 10-day experimental period. For this purpose, treatment fish were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg DEHP along with 500 µL carrier, i.e. olive oil and control one only with 500 µL carrier at 1 and 5 days of experiment after anesthetizing. Based on the results, no significant difference was found between DEHP and control groups regarding IgM levels (P>0.05). The results showed that erythrocyte count and white blood cells were significantly lower in fish exposed to DEHP compared to those of control fish (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in lymphocyte, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocyte, hematocrit, MCHC, MCH and MCV values between the DEHP treatment and control group (P>0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest adverse effects of DEHP on the immune system which may lead to an increase in disease susceptibility also verify that leukocyte counts can be considered as a novel biomarker of immunotoxicity.

https://janb.guilan.ac.ir/article_1365_395d988ac9fc920f224ba6bf9462ff9a.pdf

University of Guilan Aquatic Animals Nutrition 2980-8499 2 2 2016 09 22 Determination of appropriate dietry protein level of “Aspikutum”, a hybrid of Asp (Aspius aspius ♀) and Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii♂ ) Determination of appropriate dietry protein level of “Aspikutum”, a hybrid of Asp (Aspius aspius ♀) and Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii♂ ) 11 22 3165 10.22124/janb.2017.3165 FA Sajad Rostamipour Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran Bahram Falahatkar Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran Iraj Efatpanah Dr. Yousefpour Fish Hatchery Center, Siahkal, Guilan, Iran Journal Article 2016 04 04 This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary protein levels on growth performance and body biochemical composition of “Aspikutum”, a hybrid between Asp (Aspius aspius ♀) and Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii ♂). Six iso-energetic diets containing six protein concentrations (28, 32, 36, 40, 44 and 48%) were tested with triplicate groups for 60 days. Fourteen fish with mean initial weight of 28.5 ± 0.72 g were stocked in each replicate using circular concrete tanks containing 400 liter of water. Fish were hand fed three times daily to apparent satiation. Results showed that the feed efficiency, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, final weight, weight gain and condition factor were significantly affectedby dietary protein. These parameters were increased with increasing dietary protein to 36% and decreased in more protein levels. Body protein and ash contents were significantly different among the treatments. Body protein content increased significantly with increasing dietary protein to 36% and then decreased in 48% protein level. The present study revealed that the best growth performance of Aspikutum juveniles was achieved at 36% dietary protein level. Hence, according to the results and the economic aspect, diet with 36% protein is recommended for rearing juvenile Aspikutum. This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary protein levels on growth performance and body biochemical composition of “Aspikutum”, a hybrid between Asp (Aspius aspius ♀) and Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii ♂). Six iso-energetic diets containing six protein concentrations (28, 32, 36, 40, 44 and 48%) were tested with triplicate groups for 60 days. Fourteen fish with mean initial weight of 28.5 ± 0.72 g were stocked in each replicate using circular concrete tanks containing 400 liter of water. Fish were hand fed three times daily to apparent satiation. Results showed that the feed efficiency, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, final weight, weight gain and condition factor were significantly affectedby dietary protein. These parameters were increased with increasing dietary protein to 36% and decreased in more protein levels. Body protein and ash contents were significantly different among the treatments. Body protein content increased significantly with increasing dietary protein to 36% and then decreased in 48% protein level. The present study revealed that the best growth performance of Aspikutum juveniles was achieved at 36% dietary protein level. Hence, according to the results and the economic aspect, diet with 36% protein is recommended for rearing juvenile Aspikutum.

https://janb.guilan.ac.ir/article_3165_ebdff1ba45a4b36311bb96082c6acf26.pdf

University of Guilan Aquatic Animals Nutrition 2980-8499 2 2 2016 09 22 Morphological development and body shape change of Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) using geometric morphometric technique during early development Morphological development and body shape change of Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) using geometric morphometric technique during early development 23 32 3166 10.22124/janb.2017.3166 FA Journal Article 2016 04 02 This research was conducted to study the morphological development and body shape changes of the Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) using geometric morphometric technique during early development from hatching up to 50 days post-hatch (dph). A total of 190 specimens were collected from different early developmental stages. The left side of specimens was photographed to extract body shape data. Then 8 homologous landmark-points were defined and digitized on 2D pictures using tpsDig2 software. Landmark data after Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA), analyzed using Relative Warp. The results showed that change of body shape in the Sterlet during early development includes the increased length of head and tail up to 6 dph at first phase and the decreased relative growth of the depth and length of head, development of the trunk region and upward bending of tail at next stages. The cluster analysis based on body shape changes of specimens to identify age and size groups revealed that larval stages of this species can be divided into three stages including (1) 1-6 dph comprising development of the head, caudal region, opening mouth, gill slits, the taste and olfactory buds, (2) 7-23 dph consisting of increased relative growth of the trunk region, complete formation of the gills and fins and starting exogenous feeding and (3) juvenile stage (from 24-50 dph) including formation of a miniaturized specimen similar to that of adults. Based on the finding, the body shape changes of this species during early development is due to adjusting its vital priority. This research was conducted to study the morphological development and body shape changes of the Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) using geometric morphometric technique during early development from hatching up to 50 days post-hatch (dph). A total of 190 specimens were collected from different early developmental stages. The left side of specimens was photographed to extract body shape data. Then 8 homologous landmark-points were defined and digitized on 2D pictures using tpsDig2 software. Landmark data after Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA), analyzed using Relative Warp. The results showed that change of body shape in the Sterlet during early development includes the increased length of head and tail up to 6 dph at first phase and the decreased relative growth of the depth and length of head, development of the trunk region and upward bending of tail at next stages. The cluster analysis based on body shape changes of specimens to identify age and size groups revealed that larval stages of this species can be divided into three stages including (1) 1-6 dph comprising development of the head, caudal region, opening mouth, gill slits, the taste and olfactory buds, (2) 7-23 dph consisting of increased relative growth of the trunk region, complete formation of the gills and fins and starting exogenous feeding and (3) juvenile stage (from 24-50 dph) including formation of a miniaturized specimen similar to that of adults. Based on the finding, the body shape changes of this species during early development is due to adjusting its vital priority.

https://janb.guilan.ac.ir/article_3166_849f7fd042be597e771e73aed6d8d6ed.pdf

University of Guilan Aquatic Animals Nutrition 2980-8499 2 2 2016 09 22 Changes in final weight, survival and fatty acids composition of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) fed gamma-irradiated and fermented soybean meal Changes in final weight, survival and fatty acids composition of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) fed gamma-irradiated and fermented soybean meal 33 46 3167 10.22124/janb.2017.3167 FA Ebrahim Sotoudeh Fisheries Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran Jamshid Amiri Moghaddm Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran Gholam Reza Shahoseini Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Karaj, Alborz, Iran Dara Bagheri Fisheries Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran Journal Article 2016 03 27 This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal with gamma-irradiated and fermented, or a combination of irradiation and fermentation soybean meal on average final weight, survival and fatty acid composition of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). For this purpose, soybean meal was treated using the above methods, and then the quality of protein (SDS-PAGE electrophoresis) and total phenolic compounds was evaluated. Fish meal was replaced by soybean meal in 5 diets, including untreated (control), treated with doses of 15 (15ISB) and 30 kGy (30ISB) gamma rays, fermented (with Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (FSB) and irradiated (at a dose of 15 kGy) and fermented (IFSB) soybean meal. Caspian brown trout with average weight of 2.1 ± 0.3 g were fed 5 dietary treatments (3 replicates) using a completely randomized design for 10 weeks. Comparison of proteins in different treatments showed that acidic subunit of the glycinin and β-conglycinin reduced in FISB (irradiated at a dose of 15 kGy and fermented soybean meal). At the end of the experiment, survival rate was 100% in all treatments. The average final weight of fish fed FSB and IFSB diets were significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05). The present study reveals that Caspian brown trout fed with soybean meal processed with a combination of gamma irradiation and fermentation have better growth performance and gamma rays can be used as a new approach to reducing soybean meal antinutritious. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal with gamma-irradiated and fermented, or a combination of irradiation and fermentation soybean meal on average final weight, survival and fatty acid composition of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). For this purpose, soybean meal was treated using the above methods, and then the quality of protein (SDS-PAGE electrophoresis) and total phenolic compounds was evaluated. Fish meal was replaced by soybean meal in 5 diets, including untreated (control), treated with doses of 15 (15ISB) and 30 kGy (30ISB) gamma rays, fermented (with Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (FSB) and irradiated (at a dose of 15 kGy) and fermented (IFSB) soybean meal. Caspian brown trout with average weight of 2.1 ± 0.3 g were fed 5 dietary treatments (3 replicates) using a completely randomized design for 10 weeks. Comparison of proteins in different treatments showed that acidic subunit of the glycinin and β-conglycinin reduced in FISB (irradiated at a dose of 15 kGy and fermented soybean meal). At the end of the experiment, survival rate was 100% in all treatments. The average final weight of fish fed FSB and IFSB diets were significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05). The present study reveals that Caspian brown trout fed with soybean meal processed with a combination of gamma irradiation and fermentation have better growth performance and gamma rays can be used as a new approach to reducing soybean meal antinutritious.

https://janb.guilan.ac.ir/article_3167_11387f7d258fc156c1537095c6188c28.pdf

University of Guilan Aquatic Animals Nutrition 2980-8499 2 2 2016 09 22 Histological study of gill in juveniles of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) caught in southern parts of the Caspian Sea Histological study of gill in juveniles of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) caught in southern parts of the Caspian Sea 47 56 3168 10.22124/janb.2017.3168 FA Ali Hallajian International Sturgeon Research Organization of the Caspian Sea, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Guilan, Iran Rezvan Allah Kazemi International Sturgeon Research Organization of the Caspian Sea, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Guilan, Iran Sohrab Dejandian Inland Waters Aquaculture Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Bandar Anzali, Guilan, Iran Aiub Yousefi Jourdehi International Sturgeon Research Organization of the Caspian Sea, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Guilan, Iran Journal Article 2016 03 10 Fish gill is directly exposed to aqueous environmental pollutions and is one of the most important organs for studying the effects of contaminations. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the histopathology of gill tissue in wild Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus at natural conditions. A total number of 50 wild Persian sturgeonwere captured and sampled by trawling in the south areas of the Caspian Sea in Iranian waters from Astara port to Bandar Turkmen during 2009-2013. After biometry of fish, gill tissue sampling was done, fixed with Bouin's solution and transferred to histology lab. Tissue samples were dehydrated, clarified, mounted and colored based on the hematoxylin–eosin method. Microscopic studies showed some disasters such as regressive changes, progressive changes, circulation anomalies, clubbing, necrosis, lamellar fusion, hyperemia and hyperplasia in some gill tissues. Based on the obtained results, entering any pollution into the Caspian Sea water will change environmental states of sturgeons' habitat and lead to morphological disasters in gill and mortality in fishes. Fish gill is directly exposed to aqueous environmental pollutions and is one of the most important organs for studying the effects of contaminations. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the histopathology of gill tissue in wild Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus at natural conditions. A total number of 50 wild Persian sturgeonwere captured and sampled by trawling in the south areas of the Caspian Sea in Iranian waters from Astara port to Bandar Turkmen during 2009-2013. After biometry of fish, gill tissue sampling was done, fixed with Bouin's solution and transferred to histology lab. Tissue samples were dehydrated, clarified, mounted and colored based on the hematoxylin–eosin method. Microscopic studies showed some disasters such as regressive changes, progressive changes, circulation anomalies, clubbing, necrosis, lamellar fusion, hyperemia and hyperplasia in some gill tissues. Based on the obtained results, entering any pollution into the Caspian Sea water will change environmental states of sturgeons' habitat and lead to morphological disasters in gill and mortality in fishes.

https://janb.guilan.ac.ir/article_3168_d3ca2fdd8007f329e294d4d471424c87.pdf

University of Guilan Aquatic Animals Nutrition 2980-8499 2 2 2016 09 22 Effect of different level of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea) as natural pigment on skin coloration and growth of Severum (Heros severus) Effect of different level of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea) as natural pigment on skin coloration and growth of Severum (Heros severus) 57 67 3169 10.22124/janb.2017.3169 FA Ehsan Asadi Sharif Young Researchers and Elite Club, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Guilan, Iran Hamid Allaf Noveirian Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran Journal Article 2016 04 05 Considering the effect of dietary pigment on growth and market acceptability, this study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of red cabbage powder on growth performance and coloration of Severum (Heros Severus). In this experiment, four levels of red cabbage powder i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6% were added to the diet for 8 weeks. One-hundred and twenty fish with initial average weight of 10 ± 1.4 g were randomly distributed between 12 aquaria. At the end of the trial, the skin color of fish was assessed by the Lab model i.e. L* a* and b* parameters. The fish received 4% and 6% red cabbage in their diet, exhibited significant desirable color compared with the control and 2% treatments (P<0.05). The fish fed with 4% red cabbage powder, exhibited higher body weight gain (57.5 ± 7.3%), feed efficiency (88 ± 16.8%), specific growth rate (0.70 ± 0.01 %/day) and survival rate (100%) than the other treatments. The results of this experiment showed that supplementing diet with 4% red cabbage cause better pigmentation and higher growth rate in fish. Considering the effect of dietary pigment on growth and market acceptability, this study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of red cabbage powder on growth performance and coloration of Severum (Heros Severus). In this experiment, four levels of red cabbage powder i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6% were added to the diet for 8 weeks. One-hundred and twenty fish with initial average weight of 10 ± 1.4 g were randomly distributed between 12 aquaria. At the end of the trial, the skin color of fish was assessed by the Lab model i.e. L* a* and b* parameters. The fish received 4% and 6% red cabbage in their diet, exhibited significant desirable color compared with the control and 2% treatments (P<0.05). The fish fed with 4% red cabbage powder, exhibited higher body weight gain (57.5 ± 7.3%), feed efficiency (88 ± 16.8%), specific growth rate (0.70 ± 0.01 %/day) and survival rate (100%) than the other treatments. The results of this experiment showed that supplementing diet with 4% red cabbage cause better pigmentation and higher growth rate in fish.

https://janb.guilan.ac.ir/article_3169_3cc2cee0bb1790ac672cfc6c4f6dfe07.pdf