اثرات سین بیوتیکی پروبیوتیک باسیلوس سوبتیلیس و پری بیوتیک اینولین بر عملکرد رشد، آنزیم‌های گوارشی، پارامترهای بیوشیمیایی خون و مقاومت به باکتری Aeromonas hydrophila در ماهی تیلاپیای نیل (Oreochromis niloticus)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، گلستان

چکیده

سین­بیوتیک ­ها، ترکیبی بین پری­بیوتیک­ ها و پروبیوتیک ­ها هستند که در صنعت آبزی ­پروری استفاده می شوند، اما ساز و کار عملکرد سین‌بیوتیک‌ها به‌عنوان محرک‌های رشد و ایمنی در آبزیان متفاوت است. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین تأثیر جیره­ های مکمل سین­بیوتیک (مخلوط پروبیوتیک باسیلوس سابتیلیس و پری­بیوتیک اینولین) بر رشد، آنزیم­های گوارشی، فاکتورهای بیوشیمیایی و مقاومت به باکتری آئروموناس هیدروفیلا در ماهی تیلاپیای نیل (Oreochromis niloticus) انجام شد. تعداد 240 عدد ماهی (83/0 ± 18/5 گرم) در 12 مخزن توزیع شدند. ماهیان به­طور تصادفی در 4 تیمار آزمایشی (هر یک با 3 تکرار) به مدت 56 روز با سطوح مختلف مکمل سین­بیوتیک به شرح زیر تغذیه شدند: تیمار BI0: شاهد بدون افزودن مکمل، تیمار BI1: (CFU/g 1011 × 5/2 پروبیوتیک باسیلوس سابتیلیس + 5/2 گرم اینولین)، تیمار BI2: (CFU/g 1011 × 5/2 پروبیوتیک باسیلوس سابتیلیس + 5 گرم اینولین)، تیمار BI3: (CFU/g 1011 × 5/2 پروبیوتیک باسیلوس سابتیلیس + 10 گرم اینولین). نتایج نشان داد بیشترین وزن و کمترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در تیمارهای BI2 و BI3 در مقایسه با تیمار BI1 و شاهد به‌دست آمد. سنجش آنزیم ­های گوارشی نشان داد فعالیت آنزیم­های لیپاز و آمیلاز بین تیمارهای سین­بیوتیک و شاهد اختلاف معنی­ دار نداشت، ولی آنزیم پروتئاز در تیمارهای تغذیه با سین­بیوتیک افزایش معنی­دار داشت. غلظت پروتئین، آنزیم­ های ALT و AST بین تیمارهای تغذیه با سین­بیوتیک و تیمار شاهد اختلاف معنی ­دار نداشت. فعالیت ضد باکتریایی پلاسمای خون ماهی تغذیه شده در تیمار BI3 نسبت به شاهد BI0 معنی ­دار بود. به­طور کلی، عملکرد رشد، ترشحات گوارشی، ایمنی و مقاومت به باکتری آئروموناس هیدروفیلا در ماهی تیلاپیای تغذیه شده با سطوح مختلف سین­بیوتیک (پروبیوتیک باسیلوس سابتیلیس + پری­بیوتیک اینولین) در تیمارهای آزمایشی به‌خصوص BI2 و BI3 بهبود یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Synbiotic effects of probiotic Bacillus subtilis and prebiotic inulin on growth performance, digestive enzymes, blood biochemical parameters and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Golbahar Zeitounli
  • Hadi Raeisi
  • Hossein Adineh
  • Mohammad Harsij
  • Mohammad Farhangi
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Synbiotics are combination of prebiotics and probiotics that are used in the aquaculture industry, but the mechanism of action of synbiotics can be different as growth and immunity stimulants in aquatic animals. In general, synbiotics optimize nutrient metabolism and create favorable biological conditions by maintaining the dominance of probiotic bacteria in the intestinal microbiota through the consumption of non-digestible prebiotics, thereby improving growth and immune performance. This study aimed to determine the effects of synbiotic supplementation (mixture of probiotic Bacibus subtilis and prebiotic inulin) on growth performance, digestive enzymes, biochemical factors, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Materials and methods: Two hundred and forty fish with initial body weight of 5.18 ± 0.83 g were randomly distributed in 12 tanks with 60 L of water. Fish were randomly fed with 4 experimental treatments (each with 3 replicates) with different levels of synbiotic supplement diets for 56 days, as follows: BI0: control without supplement addition, BI1: (2.5 × 1011 CFU/g probiotic B. subtilis + 2.5 g inulin), BI2: (2.5 × 1011 CFU/g probiotic B. subtilis + 5 g inulin), BI3: (2.5 × 1011 CFU/g probiotic B. subtilis + 10 g inulin).
Results: The results of this experiment showed that the highest weight and lowest feed conversion ratio were obtained in BI2 and BI3 compared to BI1 and the control. Digestive enzyme assays showed that there was no significant difference in the lipase and amylase activity between the synbiotic and control treatments, while protease enzyme increased significantly in the synbiotic feeding treatments. There was no significant difference in the concentration of protein, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase between the synbiotic feeding treatments and the control. The antibacterial activity of blood plasma of tilapia fed BI3 was significant compared to the BI0 (control).
Discussion and Conclusion: Synbiotics can improve the general health of aquatic animals, but it is very important to determine the effective compounds and doses on growth performance, digestive enzyme secretions, and blood biochemical components. Therefore, in the present study, a synbiotic combination (probiotic subtilis with different amounts of prebiotic inulin) in nutritional treatments with a dose of 2.5 × 1011 CFU/g probiotic B. subtilis + 5 and 10 g inulinof diet is recommended for Nile tilapia. Overall, growth performance, digestive secretions, immunity, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in tilapia fed with different levels of synbiotic (probiotic B. subtilis + prebiotic inulin) improved in the experimental treatments, especially BI2 and BI3.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nile tilapia
  • Synbiotics
  • Digestive enzymes
  • Blood indices
  • Aeromonas hydrophila

مراجع

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