تعیین فعالیت ضد اکسایشی ریزجلبک ها و درشت جلبک ها با روش ها و حلال های مختلف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان

2 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان

10.22124/janb.2026.33027.1303

چکیده

جلبک‌ها به عنوان منابع ‌‌طبیعی غنی از ترکیبات زیست‌فعال، دارای توان بالایی در مهار رادیکال‌های آزاد و فعالیت ضد اکسایشی هستند و به همین دلیل در پژوهش‌های زیستی و کاربردی به آنها توجه شده است. هدف این مطالعه، بررسی و مقایسه کمی فعالیت ضد اکسایشی ریزجلبک‌ها و درشت‌جلبک‌ها با استفاده از دو حلال استون و اتانول و سه روش سنجش DPPH، FRAP و ABTS بود. برای این منظور، فعالیت ضد اکسایشی عصاره‌های ریزجلبک‌های Scenedesmus quadricauda و Tetraselmis tetrathele و درشت‌جلبک‌های Sargassum ilicifolium و Ulva lactuca ارزیابی شدند. در سنجش DPPH، بیشترین درصد مهار رادیکال‌های آزاد در درشت‌جلبک S. ilicifolium با حلال‌های استون و اتانول به ‌ترتیب 2/35 و 2/78% به‌دست آمد. در سنجش FRAP نیز بالاترین قدرت احیاکنندگی مربوط به حلال استون S. ilicifolium و حلال اتانول U. lactuca بود که به‌ترتیب 94 و 1/96 میکرومول در گرم اندازه‌گیری شد. در آزمون ABTS، بیشترین مهار رادیکال‌ها در حلال‌های استون و اتانول S. ilicifolium و به‌ترتیب برابر با 9/18 و 96/51% بود. در ریزجلبک‌ها، سنجش DPPH بیشترین مهار رادیکال آزاد در حلال‌های استون و اتانول T. tetrathele با مقادیر 13/16 و 17/90% بود. همچنین در آزمون FRAP، بالاترین قدرت احیاکنندگی در حلال‌های استون و اتانول S. ilicifolium مشاهده شد که به‌ترتیب 2/37 و 2/58 میکرومول در گرم بود. در آزمون ABTS نیز بیشترین مقدار مهار رادیکال آزاد در حلال استون T. tetrathele (87/%90) و حلال اتانول S. quadricauda (86/%41) ثبت شد. به‌طور کلی، اختلاف معنی‌دار بین حلال‌های استون و اتانول در سنجش‌های DPPH و FRAP مشاهده شد، در حالی که در سنجش ABTS، تفاوت آماری تنها در برخی نمونه‌ها معنی‌دار بود. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که ریزجلبک‌ها و درشت‌جلبک‌های مورد بررسی ترکیبات زیست‌فعال مؤثر داشته و می‌توانند به‌عنوان منابع طبیعی، مقرون‌به‌صرفه و ایمن ضد اکسایش در صنایع غذایی، آرایشی-بهداشتی و دیگر کاربردهای زیستی استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of antioxidant activity in microalgae and macroalgae using various analytical assays and extraction solvents

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasti Beigzadeh 1
  • Omidvar Farhadian 1
  • Eisa Ebrahimi Dorcheh 1
  • Farideh Balali 2
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Pasture and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Algae are rich in bioactive compounds and can grow in harsh environments, producing secondary metabolites with high biological value. They are considered natural sources of antioxidants, offering safer alternatives to synthetic compounds like Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Brown algae generally exhibit higher antioxidant activity than green or red algae. Green algae, such as the genus Ulva, are rich in proteins, minerals, fatty acids, and antimicrobial compounds.
Materials and Methods: Microalgae (Tetraselmis tetrathele and Scenedesmus quadricauda) and macroalgae (Sargassum ilicifolium and Ulva lactuca) were collected, cleaned, dried, and powdered. Ethanolic and acetone extracts were prepared using maceration. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), and 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)2/2- azinobis (ABTS) assays. All experiments were performed in triplicate, and data were analyzed using t-tests in SPSS.
Results: Antioxidant activity varied significantly with algae species, solvent, and assay type. For macroalgae, S. ilicifolium showed higher antioxidant activity than U. lactuca, with acetone extracts more effective in DPPH, while ethanol extracts were stronger in ABTS. For microalgae, ethanol extracts of T. tetrathele and S. quadricauda showed higher DPPH and FRAP activity, while ABTS results showed high antioxidant capacity for both solvents. Solvent type influenced the extraction of different antioxidant compounds.
Discussion: The results confirm that antioxidant capacity depends on species, extraction solvent, and assay method. Brown algae like S. ilicifolium contain diverse phlorotannins, enhancing free radical scavenging. Microalgae contain polar compounds like carotenoids and chlorophylls, which are better extracted with ethanol. Differences among assays reflect distinct mechanisms of antioxidant action.
Conclusion: All algae studied are valuable natural sources of antioxidants. S. ilicifolium and T. tetrathele are particularly potent, highlighting the importance of species selection and extraction methods. Algae can be sustainably used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and biotechnological applications.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microalgae
  • Macroalgae
  • Antioxidant
  • DPPH
  • FRAP
  • ABTS

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