مقایسه اثرات تزریق و تغذیه‌ با ویتامین C بر عملکرد رشد و ویژگی‌های تخمک در ماهیان مولد ماده استرلیاد (Acipenser ruthenus)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا، گیلان

2 گروه شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، گلستان

10.22124/janb.2026.34176.1313

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه اثرات تغذیه‌ای و تزریقی ویتامین C بر عملکرد رشد و ویژگی‌های تخمک استرلیاد (Acipenser ruthenus) مـولد مـاده انـجام شد. تعـداد ۳۶ قطعـه مولـد مـاده با میانـگین وزن 96/174 ± 96/812 گرم در چهار تیمار شامل: شاهد (تغذیه با جیره پایه فاقد ویتامین C و بدون تزریق؛ F-I-)، تغذیه شده با ویتامین C با غلظت ۱۰۰۰ میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم جیره، بدون تزریق (F+I-)، تغذیه با جیره شاهد فاقد ویتامین، تزریق شده با ویتامین C با دوز ۵۰ میلی‌گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن (F-I+) و تغذیه و تزریق شده با ویتامین C (F+I+) به‌مدت ۶۰ روز بررسی شد. شاخص‌های رشد و ویژگی‌های تخمک شامل موقعیت هسته و قطر در سه مقطع زمانی شامل مرحله اول (شروع آزمایش) مرحله دوم (30 روز پس از آزمایش) و مرحله سوم (60 روز پس از آزمایش) اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای تغذیه‌ای یا تزریقی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر شاخص‌های رشد در طی دوره آزمایش نداشتند (05/0<P). اثر زمان بر شاخص موقعیت هسته معنی‌دار بود و بالاترین میزان آن در مرحله اول مشاهده شد (001/0>P). قطر تخمک نیز تحت تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف قرار نگرفت (86/0=P)، اما در مرحله اول آزمایش به‌طور معنی‌دار نسبت به دو مرحله دیگر کاهش یافت (02/0=P).  یافته‌های این تحقیق حاکی از آن است که رشد و ویژگی‌های تخمک در ماهیان مولد ماده استرلیاد، تحت تأثیر دوزهای به‌کار رفته ویتامین C (تزریقی و خوراکی) قرار نگرفتند و تغییرات فراسنجه‌های مذکور عمدتاً تابع زمان و سیر طبیعی رسیدگی گنادی بود. لذا به نظر می‌رسد که اثرات احتمالی ویتامین C بر دیگر جنبه‌های تولیدمثلی این گونه نیازمند بررسی‌های تکمیلی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative effects of vitamin C injection and dietary supplementation on growth performance and egg characteristics in female sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus broodstock

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Madadi 1
  • Bahram Falahatkar 1
  • Roghieh Safari 2
  • Faezeh Mortezaei 1
1 Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran
2 Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Reproductive performance in female sturgeon is governed by a complex interaction of nutritional, hormonal, and environmental factors, with nutrition playing a central role in modulating the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and supporting gametogenesis. Among nutritional factors, vitamin C, a vital water-soluble micronutrient, significantly contributes to growth and broodstock reproductive functions. However, despite the intrinsic synthesis capability of sturgeons, heightened physiological demands under intensive aquaculture conditions necessitate further investigation into optimal supplementation strategies. Given the importance of aquaculture, this study compared the effects of dietary and injectable vitamin C supplementation on growth performance and oocyte characteristics in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus female broodstock.
Materials and Methods: A total of 36 female broodfish with an average body weight of 812.46 ± 174.96 g were randomly assigned to four treatments including: Control (fed a basal diet without vitamin C and without injection; F−I−), dietary vitamin C supplementation at 1000 mg/kg diet without injection (F+I−), injection of vitamin C at 50 mg/kg body weight while fed the unsupplemented basal diet (F−I+), and combined dietary (1000 mg/kg diet) + injectable (50 mg/kg body weight) vitamin C (F+I+) were evaluated over a 60-day experimental period. Growth indices and egg characteristics, including germinal vesicle (GV) polarization index and egg diameter, were measured at three sampling times: the first stage (before the start at the initiation of the experiment), the second stage (30 days after the start of the experiment), and the third stage (60 days after the start of the experiment). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA to examine the effects of treatment and time.
Results: No statistically significant differences were observed among the experimental groups (F−I−, F+I−, F−I+, and F+I+) regarding growth indices at any stage (P>0.05). Survival remained 100% in all treatments throughout the study. Regarding oocyte quality, GV index showed no significant interaction between time and treatment (P=0.99) and no significant effect of treatment (P=0.75). Similarly, oocyte diameter increased over time, with the smallest values recorded in phase 1 (P=0.02). No significant treatment effect (P=0.86) or time × treatment interaction (P=0.56) was found for oocyte diameter.
Discussion: The absence of significant growth responses may be attributed to the prioritized allocation of metabolic energy toward vitellogenesis rather than somatic growth during the final stages of maturation. Furthermore, the endogenous ability of sturgeon to synthesize ascorbic acid, coupled with high tissue storage capacity, likely masked the effects of short-term supplementation. The observed changes in GV index and oocyte diameter were consistent with the natural progression of ovarian maturation regulated by the HPG axis, rather than a direct consequence of vitamin C supplementation.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that growth performance and oocyte characteristics in female sterlet broodstock were unaffected by the applied doses of dietary and injected vitamin C. Instead, changes in these parameters were primarily driven by the progression of time and the natural course of gonadal maturation. Further studies on biochemical indicators, such as antioxidant enzyme activity under stress, are recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ascorbic acid
  • Sterlet
  • Broodstock nutrition
  • Oocyte diameter
  • Somatic growth

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